Koloni Mikroorganisme pada Kuantitas Nitrogen dan Belerang Hasil Mineralisasi pada Residu Proses Fermentasi Biogas: Analisis Keanekaragaman

Abstract

Biogas is gas that produced by anaerobic activities or fermentation result from organic matter including dirt human and animal, domestic waste (households), biodegradable garbage or any biodegradable organic waste in anaerobic condition.  Bio-slurry or biogas waste is a product of biogas processing that made from a mixture of livestock manure and water through anaerobic fermentation processes in biogas installations. This research was carried out to get the dominance value of microorganism colonies at the quantity of nitrogen and sulphur which the result of mineralization in the biogas fermentation residue, to determine the concentration of NH₄⁺ ( % ) and sulphate ( % ) as the quantity of nitrogen and sulfur by mineralization result at the residue of the biogas fermentation process. This research was usesd method of descriptive – quantitave and SPC analysis. A value of diversity index ( H’ ) of 0.98352 and domination value (D ) of 0.10476. Microbial dominaton was  obtained 31 white microbial colonies, 9 yellowish, and 17 pink. The NH₄⁺ in the sample test was seen from nine replication days, the results of UCL value was 38.57%, LCL was 32.58%, and mean was 35.58%. The results of sulphate concentration in nine replication days was obtained the UCL 3.84%, LCL 2.72%, and the mean 3.28% of sulphate concentration.

Keywords: Microorganism, nitrogen, sulphur

ABSTRAK

Biogas adalah gas yang dihasilkan oleh aktivitas anaerobik atau hasil fermentasi dari bahan-bahan organik termasuk kotoran manusia dan hewan, limbah domestik (rumah tangga), sampah yang dapat didegradasi atau setiap limbah organik yang biodegradable. Bioslury atau residu biogas adalah produk proses biogas dibuat dari bahan campuran kotoran ternak dan air melalui proses fermentasi anaerob pada instalasi biogas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan nilai dominasi koloni mikroorganisme pada kuantitas nitrogen dan belerang hasil mineralisasi pada residu proses fermentasi biogas, menentukan kadar NH₄⁺ (%) dan Sulfat (%) sebagai kuantitas nitrogen dan belerang hasil mineralisasi pada residu proses fermentasi biogas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif – kuantitatif serta analisis SPC. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) 0,98352 dan nilai dominasi (D) 0,10476. Dominasi mikroorganisme didapatkan hasil koloni mikroorganisme bewarna putih sebanyak 31, 9 kekuningan,  dan 17 merah muda. Dari pengamatan NH₄⁺ pada sampel uji diketahui dari sembilan hari ulangan, hasil nilai UCL 38,57%, LCL 32,58%, dan mean 35,58%. Hasil kadar sulfat dalam sembilan hari ulangan tersebut didapatkan hasil UCL 3,84%, LCL 2,72%, dan mean 3,28% kadar sulfat.

Kata kunci: mikroorganisme, nitrogen, belerang