Uji Insektisida Serai (Cymbopogon nardus) dan Daun Zodia (Evodia Suaveolens) Terhadap Mortalitas Nyamuk (Aedes aegypti)

Abstract

Natural insecticides made from lemongrass plants and zodia which are environmentally friendly insecticides and contribute to mosquito mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of lemongrass insecticides  (Cymbopogon nardus) and leaves of zodiac (Evodia suaveolens) on mosquito mortality (Aedes aegypti), and to determine the treatment of insecticides that were more effective against the mortality of mosquitoes. The research method used the experimental completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications, namely treatment 1 control; treatment of 2 insecticides zodia; treatment of 3 lemongrass insecticides; and treatment of 4 combination lemongrass insecticides and zodia. The results showed that the control treatment did not effect, whereas in the treatment of zodia insecticides, lemongrass and combinations there were influences, presumably this happened because of difference in the chemical compounds of the 2 plants against mosquitoes. The results showed that mosquito mortality was controlled by 0%; mosquito mortality with zodia insecticide of 28%; mosquito mortality with lemongrass insecticide of 16.4%; and mosquito mortality with combination lemongrass insecticides and zodiac of 43.2%. The results of the One Way ANOVA test showed that there were significant differences and tended to experience increased mosquito mortality after being treated. Insecticides that are more effective in causing mosquito mortality are combination insecticides of lemongrass and zodia leaves.

Keywords: Vegetable Insecticides, Lemongrass Plants, Zodia Plants, Mosquitoes.

ABSTRAK

Insektisida alami yang terbuat dari tanaman serai dan zodia merupakan insektisida alami yang ramah lingkungan dan berperan terhadap mortalitas nyamuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh insektisida serai (Cymbopogon nardus) dan daun zodia (Evodia suaveolens) terhadap mortalitas nyamuk (Aedes aegypti) dan untuk mengetahui perlakuan insektisida yang lebih efektif terhadap mortalitas nyamuk (Aedes aegypti). Metode penelitian menggunkan eksperimental Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan yaitu perlakuan 1 kontrol; perlakuan 2 insektisida zodia; perlakuan 3 insektisida serai; dan perlakuan 4 insektisida kombinasi serai dan zodia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan kontrol tidak ada pengaruh terhadap mortalitas nyamuk, sedangkan pada perlakuan insektisida zodia, serai serta kombinasi terdapat pengaruh, diduga hal tersebut terjadi karena adanya perbedaan kandungan senyawa kimia dari 2 tanaman tersebut terhadap nyamuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mortalitas nyamuk perlakuan kontrol 0%; mortalitas nyamuk dengan insektisida zodia 28%; mortalitas nyamuk dengan insektisida serai 16,4%; dan mortalitas nyamuk dengan insektisida kombinasi serai dan zodia 43,2%. Hasil analisis uji One Way ANOVA menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dan cenderung mengalami peningkatan mortalitas nyamuk setelah diberi perlakuan. Insektisida yang lebih efektif dalam mengakibatkan mortalitas pada nyamuk yaitu insektisida kombinasi serai dan daun zodia.

Kata kunci: Insektisida Nabati, Tanaman Serai, Tanaman Zodia, Nyamuk